Burning Mouth Syndrome
Eagle Syndrome
Central Post Stroke Pain
Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalalgias
Trigeminal Neuralgia
Persistent Idiopathic Facial Pain ( Atypical Facial Pain)
Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) with Neuropathic Features
Overview of Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia
Post Herpetic Neuralgia
Description: Sudden, severe, electric shock-like facial pain, usually on one side.
Cause: Often due to compression of the trigeminal nerve.
Treatment: Medications (e.g., carbamazepine), nerve blocks, or surgical procedures like microvascular decompression.
Description: Constant, poorly localized facial pain without obvious cause.
Often associated with: Anxiety or depression.
Treatment: Multimodal, including medications, behavioral therapy, and pain management strategies.
When there’s: Nerve-related pain in the jaw, temples, or ears.
Can involve: Myofascial pain or neuropathic pain from nerves like auriculotemporal or buccal.
Treatment: Multimodal, including medications, behavioral therapy, and pain management strategies.
Description: Severe throat, ear, or tongue pain triggered by swallowing or talking.
Treatment: Similar to trigeminal neuralgia.
Post Herpetic Neuralgia
Occurs after: Shingles outbreak in the trigeminal nerve distribution.
Symptoms: Burning, stabbing, or tingling facial pain.
Treatment: Antivirals (early), gabapentinoids, topical agents.
Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS)
Neuropathic disorder: Chronic burning sensation in the tongue, lips, or entire mouth with no visible lesions.
Common in: Postmenopausal women.
Treatment: Alpha-lipoic acid, clonazepam, cognitive behavioral therapy.
Eagle Syndrome
Cause: Elongated styloid process or calcified stylohyoid ligament.
Symptoms: Throat and facial pain, often confused with neuralgia.
Central Post-Stroke Pain (Facial Distribution)
Cause: Damage to the thalamus or brainstem.
Symptoms: Facial pain or burning on the side of the stroke.
Treatment: Antidepressants, anticonvulsants, neuromodulation.
Cluster Headache / SUNCT / SUNA (Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalalgias)
May be referred: To orofacial pain clinics if symptoms are facially dominant.
Symptoms: Severe unilateral pain with tearing, nasal congestion.
Treatment: Oxygen, triptans, preventive meds like verapamil.
Treatment: Surgical or conservative management.
